Choosing FOB vs CIF vs DDP changes who controls freight cost, risk and paperwork. For apparel buyers, Incoterms are a cash-flow and control decision — not just shipping jargon.
Quick comparison
| Term | Seller typically covers | Buyer typically covers |
|---|---|---|
| FOB | To origin port on board | Ocean/air freight, insurance, import, duty |
| CIF | Freight + insurance to destination port | Import clearance, duty, inland |
| DDP | Delivered duty paid to named place | Unload / local receiving (varies) |
How activewear buyers usually choose
- FOB: you have a forwarder and want freight transparency
- CIF: you want a simpler port-to-port quote but still handle import
- DDP: you want landed cost predictability (verify the seller’s customs capability)
Practical tips
Put Incoterm + named place on every PO. Separate sample shipping terms from bulk. Ask for carton specs early — they affect freight. Pair this with factory diligence in our manufacturer guide.